How to Download and Print GHRIS Payslip Online

This is a guide on how to download and print your GHRIS payslip. Ghris website helps manage civil servants salaries.

It is now easy for employees to access information about their payslip and P9 forms from the Government Human Resources Information System portal by the click of a button.

The portal was created with the main aim of helping the government address its human resource needs. For those who have no accounts or have forgotten their passwords, please go down to the bottom of this page for more help.

Ghris Login
Ghris Login

Step by Step Guide on How to Download and Print Ghris Payslip

  1. Access the Ghris website.
  2. Click on the Government of Kenya Employees link. The other option is for newly appointed employees.
  3. Enter your user ID (some people call it the man number, it starts with the year you were employed) then password and click log in.
  4. If the details you have entered are okay, the portal opens. If you get an error, check and retype your login credentials carefully. Once successful, click on the My Records tab.
  5. Select my payslip option.
  6. A list of current payslips is displayed on the left side of your screen.
  7. If you want the current payslip, click on the current payslip link.
  8. A new page opens with the option of ‘year’, ‘month’ and ‘view payslip’. Click on the view payslip and wait for it to be displayed.
  9. Click on the option print payslip to print your payslip. Select your desired printer and click okay.
How to Download Ghris Payslip
How to Download Ghris Payslip

How to Download Previous Payslips from Ghris

  1. Click on my records tab and select my payslips option.
  2. On the current payslips click on the year you want for instance 2021 payslips.
  3. Select the month you want from the drop-down list and click on the view payslip option.
  4. After it downloads, click on the print option. Sometimes when the servers are down, you have to keep on trying to view the payslip. In such instances, you can try to download very early in the morning or late at night.
The payslip download option
Payslip Download

How to Download Your p9 Form from Ghris Portal

  1. After login in, click my records and select my payslip option from the drop-down list.
  2. Down below the payslips on the lefthand side, you will see the option of the P9 form.
  3. Click on the form you want and click on view P9 form.
  4. The form downloads and it is ready for printing using the print P9 form option.
  5. If you want for another year, just change the year and click the view P9 form.
How to Download P9 Form from Ghris
How to Download P9 Form from Ghris

Introduction of Public Service Payroll Website

A new public service website has been introduced. Once you log in to Ghris Website and click on any service, you are redirected to the new website.

It is almost similar to the old system. Click on this Public Service Payroll Website link to get more information.

The new public payroll website look
The new public service payroll website look

How to Create a Ghris Account

New employees must create an account so that they can access their payslips. Here is how you create an account.

How to create a GHRIS account
How to Create Ghris Account
  1. Access the GHRIS website from any web browser.
  2. Click on the Government of Kenya Employees link.
  3. Click on the option New to GHRIS to create your account.
  4. Fill the employee registration form that opens. It contains details like Personal Number, National ID Card Number, KRA PIN, Your Names, and Date of Birth, among others. Please note that the information will be validated against your records in the Ministry/Department. In the case of disparities, contact the HRM Unit in your Ministry/Department.
  5. Create a password that you will be using to login into the site and click submit. Ensure you remember your password.
  6. Once successful, log into the site and fill in your profile details. Click on my record and select profile.
  7. On the left-hand side, click on profile.
  8. A page opens where you start filling in your information. Provide the following required information; Basic Details, Home Area, Duties, Academic Details, Employment History, Next of Kin and Dependents, then Signature Upload. For each stage, make sure you click on the Save button.

For the academic section scan and attach your certificates. Remember to scan them as single documents.

How to Reset Your GHRIS Password

If you have forgotten your GHRIS password, you can retrieve it by filling a password reset form. Use this procedure to do so.

  1. Access the GHRIS website.
  2. Click on the Government of Kenya Employees link.
  3. Click on forgot your password option.
  4. Fill in all the required information on the reset password form. The details should be similar to the details you had filled in during registration. It will be easier if you have the appointment letter with you.
  5. Create a new password and then submit the form.
  6. Use your new password to log in.
How to Reset your Ghris Password
How to Reset your Ghris Password

Conclusion on How to Download and Print Ghris Payslip

I hope that was easy for you and you have achieved what you wanted. If you have any questions or comments, then drop them here below in the comments section.

Feel free to share this post so that others can also benefit. Thanks for taking your time to read.

How to Download and Print Your Ghris Payslip

How to Create an eCitizen Account | Reset Forgotten Password

This is a complete guide on how to create an eCitizen Account. You create an eCitizen account to access various government services.

The eCitizen Logo
Ecitizen Logo

With an eCitizen Account, you will be able to apply for Government to Citizen (G2C) services and pay for those services via mobile money, Debit Cards, and eCitizen agents.

This is one of the ways Kenyan citizens and foreigners can access government services with ease and within no time. There are various services that you can access from the portal.

Why Use eCitizen Services?

  • You will create a single sign-in account – One account is all you need, a single username and password that gives you access to most services offered by the government.
  • It is convenient – this is because you will pay using mobile money, Debit Cards, and online banking from local banks.
  • Notifications – you will get email and SMS notifications every time your application has progressed to another stage or has been fully processed.
  • Provided services – most applications are online-based whereby you fill an online application form. For some applications, once your document has been prepared, you will receive it in PDF format from wherever you are ready for printing.
  • Most government offices require online applications.
eCitizen Login Window

Which Account Should I Create?

Before you create your eCitizen account, you should know the account type to create. The four accounts available are:

  • Kenyan Citizen – This account is for Kenyan citizens only. You will need your National ID number and your first name to register.
  • Foreign Residents – This account is for foreigners residing in Kenya. You will need your alien identification number and your first name to register.
  • eVisa Visitors – This account is for nationals who require a visa to enter the Republic of Kenya. You will require your passport number.
  • Business – This account is for businesses registered in Kenya. You will need your business registration number.
Creating a Kenyan Citizen Account
Ecitizen Account Type

Creating a Kenyan Citizen Account

This kind of account can only be created for Kenyan citizens with a national ID. Click on create an account under the Kenyan citizen option. This process will take you through two steps;

  1. Creating the account,
  2. Verifying your phone number.

How to Create an eCitizen Account

Open your web browser, for instance, Mozilla Firefox or Chrome and type the following URL, https://www.ecitizen.go.ke/. Locate the option ‘to create an account’ and click on it. Under the Kenyan Citizen option, click on create an account.

Enter your national identification number and your first name in the provided fields then click on validate. If your details are correct your name and ID number will appear below.

Provide the following details, Email Address, Confirm Email Address, Mobile Number, Password, and Confirm Password.

Accept the terms and conditions and click on continue. On the next stage, a phone verification code will be sent to your mobile phone. It is important to use your phone number as opposed to someone else’s. Enter the code and click on continue.

A login window appears where you enter your ID number and the password you created. Log in and select the agency you want to seek services from.

eCitizen create account form
eCitizen Create an Account Form

How to Reset Your eCitizen Password

  • Access the eCitizen portal.
  • Click on the forgot password link below the login section.
  • Enter your username which is either your email or ID Number. Most people use their national identification numbers.
  • Click the reset password option.
  • A preview of the phone number and email you used appears.
  • Select the one you have access to and click reset my password. A code will be sent to the item choice you selected.
  • If you have no access to either the email or phone number used during registration, then you have to go to Huduma Center or NTSA offices for help.
  • Otherwise, use the code you will receive to unlock your account.
  • Create a new strong password and make sure you will not forget it.

Services You Can Access After You Create an eCitizen Account

The main eCitizen page or dashboard opens where various government services are being offered. These are the various services you can access:

National Transport and Safety Authority

Most of the services have been moved to the new NTSA portal.

Business Registration Service

This is for Registering and managing your business, including other services like linking your business to eCitizen portal.

Office of the Attorney General and Department of Justice

Includes getting married or enter a civil partnership in Kenya, business Name search, and Registration.

Department of Immigration Services

This includes the application for a passport, application for a Kenyan visa and application for a work permit.

Directorate of Criminal Investigations

Apply and pay for your Police Clearance Certificate (certificate of good conduct).

The eCitizen dashboard
eCitizen Dashboard

Ministry of Lands and Physical Planning

Includes searching for a Title deed, land rent clearance demand notice, and payments. Note that most of the services such as land search have been moved to the Ardhisasa portal. Check this post on how to create an Ardhisasa account and do a land search.

Civil Registration Department

Apply and pay for Birth and Death Certificates online.

County Government of Mombasa

Apply for County of Mombasa eServices

County Government of Nyeri

Apply and pay for your Single Business Permit

County Government of Kisumu

Apply and pay for your Trade License

Kisumu e-Construction Permit

Apply and pay for the county government of Kisumu e-Construction permit

How to Create an Ecitizen Account

Conclusion on How to Create an eCitizen Account

That is how you create an eCitizen account in an easy way. Also, note that there is a process of creating an NTSA account. The two are different but sometimes people confuse them.

If you have any comments, you are welcome to pen it here below. Thanks for your time and remember to share this article with your friends.

How to Reset Forgotten Kra Pin Password on iTax

Forgotten KRA Pin password? Do not worry. This is a guide on how to reset your forgotten KRA PIN password on the iTax portal.

Most often people forget their login passwords. They justify the forgetfulness by saying they have many things to keep in mind. Well, do not worry as most passwords are resettable.

One of the main reasons people forget their passwords is not logging in to that specific website often.

It is possible to reset your KRA PIN password. Follow these simple steps on how to reset your KRA PIN password. In case you have not updated your KRA pin to iTax, then you need to check this article on how to Update a KRA pin to iTax.

What You Need to Reset Forgotten Kra Pin Password

  1. The email you used when registering or creating the pin.
  2. Access to the said email.
  3. The KRA PIN.

You must remember the email you used when creating your pin, or simply the email registered to your KRA pin portal. If you have a printout of the certificate, it has the email that was used when registering.

You should be able to access your email since the reset credentials will be sent to that email. In case you do not have the email, continue reading as we have a solution for you.

Procedure for Resetting Your Kra Pin Password

1. Access the KRA pin portal.

How to Reset Forgotten Kra Pin Password
iTax Portal Log in

2. Where it is written “Enter PIN/User ID” key in your KRA pin and click continue.

3. A box for entering your password appears. You will not use this since you do not have a password. Further down below the security stamp, locate the option “Forgot Password/Unlock Account” and click on it.

Enter your KRA pin and click on forgot password
KRA Pin Password Reset

4. A new window appears with your pin and security stamp. Perform the simple math and enter the solution in the provided box.  If you want different math (captcha), you can refresh by clicking on the two provided arrows.

Resetting your forgotten KRA pin password
Forgot Kra Pin Password Reset Option

5. Click on submit and you will get a confirmation message that your reset credentials have been sent to your email. Click on the back button.

Check Your Email

6. Open your email (you can add another tab) and check for an email from admin.itax2. It will have a message, “Your KRA Web Portal account password has been reset. Your login ID and new password are:”

7. Go back to the iTax portal and enter your PIN and the provided password which has to be typed as it is. Copy-paste is not allowed but for the tech-savvy, you can do a drag-and-drop.

8. A new window opens where you enter the old pin. This is the reset password mailed to you. Type it and enter a new password that you will be using. Type the new password twice.

Enter a new Kra password
Reset KRA Password

9. Choose a security question and provide your answer. You will not require it after this.

10. Accept the policy and policy guidelines and then click submit.

11. Your iTax portal opens automatically, and in case it takes you to the login window, just log in with the password you have created.

Login with the password sent to your email
Log into Your iTax Portal

What If I Can’t Access My Email?

There are instances where you cannot access your email. The first thing to do is to try and reset your email password.

a) Go to the email login screen on your device or PC and type in the name of the account you need to recover.

b) When it asks you to enter your password, instead hit the phrase “Forgot password?”.

Forgot Email Password Option
Forgot Email Password Option

c) Follow the on-screen guides provided depending on the mail provider.

If you cannot reset your email password, don’t worry. It is time to create a new email. Then after that, you have two options;

How to Change iTax Email

A) Visit the nearest tax station or Huduma centre and request for iTax portal email change. Remember to carry your original ID. The assisting person will access your portal and change the existing email to the one you want.

Then a reset email will be sent to your working email or the email you will provide.

B) Send your original scanned ID to callcentre@kra.go.ke, requesting a change of email for your pin. This might take a day or two to complete.

C) This is the easiest of all. I think I should have started with it. On the iTax portal, click on the report a problem button. At the very bottom right, locate the Chat with Us button. This will help you chat with a member of the support team. You will be requested to scan and attach your ID and also to provide the new email you want to use.

Whichever method you opt for, your login credentials will be sent to your new email address. From there on you can reset your Kra Pin password.

What if I Don’t Know the Email Used?

It is quite easy to check the email you used to register on iTax. Follow these steps.

i) Access the iTax portal.

ii) Where it is written Manufacturer Authorization, click on Register.

How to check the email used on iTax

iii) Enter your pin on the Manufacturer’s pin area and click on an empty area when done. The system will auto-populate the following information:

  • Your name or the company name
  • Physical address
  • Postal address
  • Contact details where you will find your email address
How to retrieve iTax email

Now you have the email that you used to register. Proceed and make sure you can access your email. In case no email is listed, it means you have not updated your PIN in the iTax portal.

What If I Do Not Know My PIN?

Some applied their KRA pin and misplaced it. This is how you can retrieve your lost KRA PIN. Again this is a two-way option.

How to Retrieve KRA PIN Number With Only ID

A. Using eCitizen Option

This is a bit crazy method to use because you have to go via eCitizen account. We are going to assume we want to register a business. In the process, we will be able to access the KRA pin with our ID only.

1. Log into your eCitizen account and go to the Business Registration option.

2. Click on the Make Application option and proceed to click on the Business Registration option.

Kra pin using the eCitizen option
Check your Kra pin using the eCitizen option

3. Put any information you wish on the first three tabs. These are the proposed names, nature of business, and registered office address. This is because we do not care about this information.

4. The most important area is Ownership Information. Click on Add Proprietor and select designation as proprietor. Enter your ID number and your first name and click verify.

5. The magic happens as some of your data is auto-generated, among them your pin. Copy your pin and follow the above procedure of checking your iTax registered email.

Retrieve KRA Pin with ID Only
Retrieve KRA PIN with ID Only
B. Visiting Huduma Center or iTax Center

With your original ID, visit the nearest tax station or any Huduma centre. Using your identification number, the assistant will be able to access your PIN. You will be given the pin which you update on iTax if not updated.

While there, confirm the registered email is one you can access. If you do not have access to the email used, you should provide one that you can be able to access.

3. Scan and Email ID to callcentre@kra.go.ke

Another option is to scan a copy of your coloured National ID – on both sides and send it via email to the KRA email address callcentre@kra.go.ke with the subject KRA pin retrieval. Draft a short message informing them you are requesting your forgotten pin. You can also request a change of iTax email.

4. Use of Social Media

You can also make use of the KRA social media handles Facebook or Twitter. Send a scanned copy of your ID. You are more likely to receive a faster response than from email.

Whichever method you use, you will be able to retrieve your forgotten KRA PIN password.

Worth Noting When Resetting Your Kra Pin Password

Before assuming that you can’t find your PIN, you can try searching through your email(s). Use the provided email search bar to achieve this. Try using terms such as Kra Pin, Itax, and Admin.Itax. Some apply and forget about it.

How to Reprint Your KRA Pin

It is possible to reprint your PIN certificate after logging into your iTax portal. The pin certificate is required in many instances hence the need to reprint.

  • Click on the registration tab.
  • Locate the “reprint pin” option and click on it.
  • Select the applicant type and click on the “Submit” button. Note that after selecting the applicant type, the Taxpayer PIN and the Taxpayer Name will be loaded.
  • In this last step, you will get a message that your PIN Certificate has been successfully generated. Click on the provided link to download it. 

File Your Returns

Once you get your PIN and password, it is time to file your returns. Anyone with a PIN must file returns. They are filed depending on the type of obligation assigned. Check on your printed KRA pin certificate for your obligation(s). These are some of the return types we have.

  1. Income Tax Individual
  2. Income Tax Company
  3. Turnover Tax
  4. PAYE Tax
  5. VAT Tax
  6. Monthly Rental Income

Conclusion on Retrieving Lost KRA Pin

If you are stuck and need our help, we can do so. Reach us at Winstar Cyber via info@winstartechnologies.com. Remember to share this post to help others.

How to change your password on iTax

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) And Its Components Explained

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is one of the most important components of a computer. It is known by several names such as central processor, main processor, microprocessor, or just processor.

The computer processor is a small chip (logic circuitry) that resides in computers and other electronic devices.

Its basic function is to receive and process basic instructions that drive a computer. It is among the most important components inside the computer.

It processes information and interfaces with other system elements to retrieve data to be processed. The speed of the processor is a major factor in determining the performance of the PC.

A Computer Processor
A Computer Processor

Generally, the Central Processing Unit Performs the Following Functions:

  • Decodes and executes instructions obtained from software programs.
  • Performs arithmetic calculations.
  • Controls and supports the timing of each operation.

What is Meant by a Computer Processor?

A processor is an integrated electronic circuit that performs the calculations that run a computer. The processor is a flat plate of silicon made up of millions of transistors. The transistors are etched onto the plate in a huge computer logic framework.

Ceramic material is used to cover the microcircuit. It protects and also conducts heat away to the heat sink. This protective ceramic cover has print information on the processor type and other useful information.

How the Computer Processor Operates

The basic operation of most computer processors, regardless of their physical form, is to execute a sequence of stored instructions called a program. The instructions to be executed are kept in computer memory.

Nearly all CPUs follow the fetch, decode and execute steps in their operation, which are collectively known as the instruction cycle.

After the execution of an instruction, the entire process repeats. The next instruction cycle normally fetches the next-in-sequence instruction because of the incremented value in the program counter.

If a jump instruction was executed, the program counter will be modified to contain the address of the instruction that was jumped to and program execution continues normally. In more complex CPUs, multiple instructions can be fetched, decoded, and executed simultaneously.

Fetch Cycle

The fetch execute cycle of computer processor
The Fetch Execute Cycle – Attribution

The first step a processor does is to fetch. It involves retrieving an instruction (which is represented by a number or sequence of numbers) from program memory.

The program counter (PC) determines the instruction’s location (address) in program memory. 

This counter stores a number that identifies the address of the next instruction to be fetched.

After an instruction is fetched, the PC is incremented by the length of the instruction so that it will contain the address of the next instruction in the sequence. 

Most often the instruction is retrieved from relatively slow memory. This action causes the CPU to stall while waiting for the instruction to be returned.

This issue is largely addressed in modern processors by the use of cache memory and pipeline architectures.

Decode Cycle

The instruction fetched by the central processing unit from memory determines what the processor will do.

In the decode step, performed by the circuitry known as the instruction decoder, the instruction is converted into signals that control other parts of the CPU.

The CPU’s instruction set architecture (ISA) defines how the instruction is to be interpreted. Often, one group of bits (that is, a “field”) within the instruction, called the opcode, indicates which operation is to be performed.

The remaining fields usually provide supplemental information required for the operation, such as the operands. Those operands may be specified as a constant value (called an immediate value), or as the location of a value that may be a processor register or a memory address, as determined by some addressing mode.

Execute Cycle

After the fetch and decode steps, the execute step is performed. Depending on the CPU architecture, this may consist of a single action or a sequence of actions.

During each action, various parts of the central processing unit are electrically connected. This enables them to perform all or part of the desired operation and then the action is completed. This is usually in response to a clock pulse.

Results are written to an internal CPU register for quick access by subsequent instructions. In other cases, results may be written to slower, but less expensive and higher capacity main memory.

Components of the Central Processing Unit

In the CPU, there are two primary components namely the Arithmetic Logic Unit and Control Unit.

CU (Control Unit)

The control unit controls all the operations taking part in the computer. However, it does not carry out any actual data processing operations.

  • It controls the transfer of data and instructions among other units of the computer.
  • The control unit manages and coordinates all the units of the computer.
  • It obtains the instructions from the memory, interprets them, and directs the operation of the computer.
  • It communicates with Input / Output devices for the transfer of data or results from storage.

ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)

The Arithmetic Logic Unit consists of two sections namely the Arithmetic unit and Logic unit.

Arithmetic Unit

The arithmetic section performs arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. All complex operations are done by making repetitive use of the above operations.

Logic Unit

The function of the logic unit is to perform logic operations such as comparing, selecting, matching, and merging data.

Components of the Central Processing Unit
Components of the Central Processing Unit

What Factors Affect Central Processing Unit Performance?

Modern-day processors are extremely fast though their performance can be affected by several factors.

Clock Speed

Clock speed is also referred to as clock rate, PC frequency and CPU frequency. The clock speed (or clock rate) is stated in megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz).

It refers to the speed at which the processor can execute instructions. The faster the clock, the more instructions the processor can complete per second.

Most CPUs are synchronous circuits, which means they employ a clock signal to pace or control their sequential operations.

An external oscillator circuit generates the clock signal. This circuit generates a consistent number of pulses each second in the form of a periodic square wave.

This frequency of the clock pulses is the one that determines the rate at which a CPU executes instructions.

Instruction Set of the Computer Processor

This is the processor’s built-in code that tells it how to execute its tasks. It is an architectural design coded into the chip during the manufacturing process.

The processor’s architecture and instruction set determines how many cycles are needed to execute a given instruction.

Bandwidth

Bandwidth is measured in bits. It determines how much information the processor can process in one instruction. A good analogy is to compare data flow to the flow of traffic on a highway.

The clock speed is the speed limit, and bandwidth is the number of lanes on the highway. Computer processors are either 32-bit or 64-bit CPUs.

Cache Memory

Cache memory is a relatively small amount of high-performance SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) built directly into the processor. It enables the processor to access repeatedly used data directly from its onboard memory.

This is as opposed to repeatedly requesting it from the system RAM. In the early days of computing, processors were getting faster, but the memory was not. To address this problem, engineers put tiny amounts of fast memory on the processor itself.

The level 1 cache is the smallest and fastest RAM on the computer. It stores the information that a particular core of the processor is most likely to require to complete its present task.

The level 2 cache is larger, but not quite as fast. It holds the information the processor core is most likely to need to complete its next task. Level 3 is much larger but slower.

Number of Cores

A core is a processing unit within a CPU. Each core is capable of fetching, decoding and executing its instructions. The more cores a CPU has, the greater the number of instructions it can process.

Many modern CPUs are dual (two) or quad (four) core processors. This yields superior processing power compared to CPUs with a single core.

A core 2 Duo processor
An Intel Core 2 Duo E7500 “Wolfdale-3M”

Front Side Bus (FSB) Speed

The FSB is the interface between the processor and the system memory. The FSB speed limits the rate at which data can get to the CPU.

This in turn limits the rate at which the CPU can process that data. The CPU’s FSB speed determines the maximum speed at which it can transfer data to the rest of the system.

How to Install a New Central Processing Unit

Installing a new CPU is becoming less common but it is not a thing out of the normal. In many cases, installing additional memory is a more effective upgrade than installing a new CPU.

However, there are times you will find yourself in need of installing a new processor. If you are assembling your PC, you will install it yourself.

Before you make any purchase, determine whether the CPU can be upgraded and, if so, to what. The answer to this question lies in the motherboard.

The motherboard must have the appropriate socket, data bus; address bus, and crystal to support the new CPU.

Consult the documentation that comes with the motherboard. Ensure that a table defining the processors that can be installed is present. You can also consult the motherboard manufacturer either through the company’s Web site or via a phone call.

A fan-cooled heat sink on the processor
A fan-cooled heat sink on the processor of a personal computer

General Procedure for Installing a Central Processing Unit

1. Turn off the computer and unplug the power cord to the system unit.

2. Follow the appropriate ESD safety procedures. If you have no antistatic kits, just ground yourself by touching the unpainted metal of your computer or touching a metal water tap.

3. Remove the cover of the computer.

4. Locate the CPU to be removed. It will always be under the metal heat sink with a cooling fan attached.

5. Remove any cables, components or drives that might hinder a smooth operation. Note how everything is connected.

6. Unplug the cooler from the motherboard.

7. Detach the lever on the side of the CPU socket cover to allow you to remove the CPU.

You are Almost Done on Installing a Central Processing Unit

8. Install the new computer processor, and align the chip properly. Pin 1 on the CPU must fit pin 1 in the socket. There are indicators on the CPU and socket to help you get the alignment correct. Look for a matching indicator on the corner of your CPU and the socket.

It will likely appear as a small triangle. If you don’t see any indicator, you should consult the manuals for your motherboard and CPU. If you have lined up your CPU with the socket, it should drop right into place.

9. Once the CPU is properly seated in the socket, push down the retention arm with ease (and if it’s an Intel CPU, lower the bracket first).

10. Apply the thermal paste on top of the processor. This helps conduct heat from the processor to the CPU cooler by removing any imperfections on the contact surfaces. Place the heat sink and fan.

11. Reattach the components, cables, and drives you disconnected.

12. Reconnect any peripherals (keyboard, mouse, and monitor).

13. Close your fingers and power up your computer.

How to install a CPU

Some Central Processing Unit Manufacturers / Designers

Apart from Intel’s range of processors, there are other manufacturers such as:

  • Advanced Micro Devices (AMD)
  • Cyrix
  • Integrated Device Technology (IDT)
  • Qualcomm
  • NVIDIA
  • IBM
  • Samsung
  • Motorola
  • Hewlett-Packard (HP)
  • Dell
  • Acer
  • VIA
  • Marvell
  • Global Foundries
  • Media Tek

Each of these offers competitively priced processor chips with comparable performance to Intel processors.

Conclusion

The form, design, and implementation of CPUs will indeed keep changing over time, but their basic operation remains almost unchanged. Hope you have enjoyed this article.

Remember to share and comment here below. That is the sure way we can interact.

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